• Aggressive furrow closing with self-limiting depth
• Creates ideal zone for crop emergence & rooting
• Rapid payback on investment
• Heavy-duty bearing with 3-yr guarantee
• Less mud adhesion vs. competitors
• Easily installed
• Fits most planters and gauge-wheel drills (see pricing page for specifics)

No-till seeding is a relatively new phenomenon, and more effective methods are continually being developed. In the U.S. & Canada, most planters and "no-till” drills are ill-suited to the task from the moment they’re built (they were engineered for tilled seedbeds). For instance, the original smooth closing wheels on all planters and no-till drills can overpack the furrow, especially when soils are damp, causing poor emergence and poor root penetration of the sidewall. Because of the soil structure in no-till, the solid wheel is ineffective at closing the furrow. To avoid the packing problem, as well as the poor furrow closing by smooth closing wheels, several aftermarket companies began offering spoked wheels to replace the original closing wheel. 

Spoked closing wheels first came onto the no-till scene in the early ’90s, and were often simply rotary-hoe wheels or row-cleaner ‘spider’ wheels bolted onto the planter closing brackets. This was novel and insightful. While these first-generation spoked closing wheels were certainly improvements over the smooth wheel, they had significant limitations. Rotary-hoe wheels often excessively packed the furrow sidewall (think of a sheepsfoot), and had some issues with accumulating mud and stalks. The row-cleaner wheels (when used for closing) had such long slender spokes that they tended to lift the sidewall too much, flinging chunks of sidewall in all directions, and sometimes roto-tilling out the seed (the extent to which these are problems depend on amount of pressure on the spoked closing wheel, soil conditions, lateral spacing from furrow, and the degree to which the seed is embedded in the bottom of the furrow). Also, the row-cleaner type of closing wheel did no seed firming whatsoever, but luckily Keeton seed firmers (and several small-diameter ‘seed-lock’ wheels) were introduced to the market about that same time.

By the mid-’90s, at least one spoke design was specifically created to provide the closing action demanded by no-till conditions.  This design had spokes with a fairly small surface area at the tip, tapering sides of the spoke, and a shorter spoke length.  Although an improvement over the earlier attempts, the new design had problems with durability, particularly frequent bearing failure, and with mud accumulation due to the thickness of the spokes at their base. However, the spoke shape was clearly an improvement over earlier attempts at spoked furrow closing from off-the-shelf wheels designed for other purposes.

Enter the Thompson wheel (in 2002), with unique patented features to dramatically improve performance.  The thinness of the wheel allows it to easily enter the soil, for excellent breakage of the sidewall.  The thinness is also what prevents mud accumulation on the spokes.  It simply has nowhere to gather.  The blunt tip & tapering sides of the spokes further assist in crumbling the sidewall. The tapering sides gradually increase the resistance the spoke encounters while operating in the soil. This limits the depth, as does the overall length of the spoke itself (considerably shorter than some other designs on the market). 

Another reason the Thompson wheel was developed was sheer durability:  we put a truly robust bearing into the T-wheel, as frankly we were weary of changing bearings in the predecessor wheels.  The T-wheel’s monstrous bearing features a triple-lip seal, as well as our unique patented shroud to protect the bearing face from fertilizer and water.  We’re so confident in our bearing arrangement, we guarantee it for 3 years. These features make the Thompson wheel the ‘Terminator’ of the closing wheel debate!  

Toe-Out Wedge Makes The Thompson Wheel Even Better
Exapta’s toe-out wedges and plates create a 6-degree angle to the direction of travel when used on the original planter tail-piece (closing bracket). The original bracket holds the wheel so that it is tipped from vertical, but runs perfectly straight with the direction of travel—this was to allow the original smooth closing wheels to pack the sidewall, relying on the tilled soil’s looseness to collapse easily back into the furrow.  In no-till or other tough conditions, the sidewall may not collapse easily, and requires the slicing action of a spoked closing wheel.  The toe-out helps all spoked wheels to more actively engage and gather soil from the fractured sidewall and pull it back into the furrow—sort of the reverse of the opener blades prying apart the soil while creating the furrow.  (Note that the JD 50, 60 & 90-series single-disc drills, have closing wheel arms with a toe-out built-in, albeit for their smooth closing wheels.)

Toe-out for JD 7200 / 7300 planters:

Since these planters originally had closing brackets with welded-in stud shafts onto which the closing wheels attached, there are no easy options to achieve toe-out. One route is to chop off the studs on the OEM bracket, then use Exapta's toe-out plates (which use existing drag-chain bracket holes at the back of the tailpiece, and these holes are the same for the 7200 as the 7000). Another option is to replace the entire 7200 tailpiece with one that accomodates wheels held by bolts, such as with JD's kit AA44266, or by purchasing equivalents from Kinze or supply companies (the Kinze lever-type brackets fit onto the Deere 7200 cast stop quite nicely).

Exapta’s toe-out products are easily installed, and fit nearly all planters, including 15- and 20-inch configurations.  For 30-inch planters, consider the unmatched furrow closing attributes of Hagny HCS.

Note: for all spoked closing wheel designs that do little or no packing, such as the T-wheel, it is highly important that seed firming be accomplished with a Keeton or seed-lock wheel. See Tech Tips for Planters.
 
Coulters and strip-till influence the closing wheel decision see Rethinking No-Till Seeding.